Seasonal Alterations in Testicular Hemodynamics and Echotexture in Relation to Semen Quality in Buffalo Bulls

The present study is aimed at investigating the usefulness of pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography for characterization testicular blood flow in buffaloes during nonbreeding and breeding seasons. Ten Egyptian buffalo bulls were evaluated changes (Doppler’s indices: resistive index (RI) pulsatility (PI)) levels supratesticular (STA) (winter) season (summer). alterations parenchyma echotexture (pixel intensity (PIX) heterogeneity (EH)) assessed by computer analysis software. Circulating testosterone nitric oxide (NO) concentrations total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measured colorimetrically. Sperm parameters including progressive motility %, viability morphology assessed. Results revealed lower values ( p < 0.05 ) RI id="M2"> 0.55 ± 0.02 PI id="M3"> 0.82 0.03 within STA period compared to (RI: id="M4"> 0.67 ; PI: id="M5"> 0.99 0.01 ). Higher id="M6"> PIX EH found (PIX: id="M7"> 72.09 1.81 EH: id="M8"> 14.99 1.37 id="M9"> 60.95 1.51 id="M10"> 11.75 0.63 Concentrations TAC not significantly changed. However, NO greater id="M11"> id="M12"> 78.21 0.87 those one id="M13"> 59.74 2.97 Total sperm higher that id="M14"> In conclusion, seasonality alters hemodynamics echotexture, concentrations, quality without levels.